It has happened a lot that we have heard the word gene. You have heard that when two people are similar in terms of moral characteristics, they say that the genes of these two have been mixed. Or there is a theory that many characteristics of each person are genes that existed in the relatives and ancestors of that person. But where does this word come from? What is the concept of molecular gene? Is the similarity of the behavior of two people really related to the fact that their genes are the same? In the future, stay with Trustrade to review the concept of molecular genetics.

What is molecular genetics?

Maybe this title seems very complicated and specialized. But it has a simple meaning. Molecular genetics is the study of the changes and structure of genes at the molecular level. This problem is a subset of   biological science . Molecular genetics, which is a field of biology, tries to investigate the mechanism and function between genes with the help of molecular biology.

In this science, in addition to examining the function of genes , we examine growth and genetic mutation. And we identify diseases caused by genetic mutations and help to treat them. As it was said in the above material about the transmission of the characteristics and characteristics of people through genes, in molecular genetics, with the help of molecular biology, the reasons for the transmission of different characteristics and characteristics between organisms and how genetic mutation can be investigated.

DNA

The concept of genetic science can be analyzed in such a way that the genetic material has the task of producing RNA in a chain-like manner. And finally, RNA produces protein.

Genes , which are made of DNA, show the function of heredity. Traits and characteristics are expressed in humans by means of genes.

DNAs are very long and long molecules that create genes by putting them together and eventually cause the creation of chromosomes.

The DNAs of each person’s cells are unique. And you cannot find two people who have the same type of DNA. In addition to the DNA in the nucleus of the cells, there are also a small number of them that are found in the mitochondria.

Such DNAs are called mtDNA.

The basis of DNA molecules consists of 4 chemical substances under the titles of adenine, guanine, thymine and cytosine, which are indicated by the abbreviations A and T, and C and G. These 4 substances are the storage place of genetic information.

The meaning of genetic mutation is the mutation that occurs in its DNA. The building blocks of DNA make proteins. When there is a change in the base of the cells, we say that a mutation has occurred. This mutation can be the result of natural factors or issues such as radiation, chemicals, metal materials or viruses. These factors can exist even in the most closed environments and cause molecular genetics to mutate.